Custom Exceptions in Inventory App So far, we’ve used generic exceptions like in our inventory system. While this works, it doesn’t give us much clarity about what went wrong. In real-world apps, having specific exceptions makes error handling more powerful and easier to debug. Why Custom Exceptions? They make the code self-explanatory ( tells us exactly what happened). Different errors can be handled differently (e.g., log missing item vs stop execution for invalid quantity). They improve readability and maintainability . Defining Custom Exceptions We create them by inheriting from Python’s class: Using Custom Exceptions in Inventory Handling Exceptions in the App Example Run ✅ Why this matters Custom exceptions make error handling clean, clear, and precise . In larger apps, this allows you to catch specific errors differently (e.g., log vs retry vs alert). It’s a best practice for production-grade applications. Next, let’s add Search & Filter features to the Inventory App.